Acoustic phenomena| complete notes| class 12|NEB|

Acoustic phenomena refer to the physical properties and behaviour of sound waves. Some of the important acoustic phenomena include:

Reflection: When sound waves encounter a surface, they bounce off it and change direction. This is known as reflection. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Refraction: When sound waves pass through a medium with different densities, their direction and speed change. This is known as refraction.

Diffraction: When sound waves encounter an obstacle, they bend around it and spread out. This is known as diffraction.

Interference: When two or more sound waves interact with each other, their amplitudes can add together or cancel out. This is known as interference.

The formula that describes the speed of sound in a medium is:

v = sqrt(B/p)

where v is the speed of sound, B is the bulk modulus of the medium, and p is the density of the medium.

The formula for the wavelength of a sound wave is:

λ = v/f

where λ is the wavelength, v is the speed of sound, and f is the frequency of the wave.

The formula for the frequency of a sound wave is:

f = v/λ

where f is the frequency, v is the speed of sound, and λ is the wavelength.

These formulas are important in understanding and describing the behaviour of sound waves in various media and environments.