CHAPTERWISE IMPORTANT MCQ FROM HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
FROM FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS.....
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the first law of thermodynamics?
a) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
b) The total energy of a system and its surroundings remains constant
c) The entropy of a system always increases
d) The internal energy of a system can be negative
Answer: a) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
Which of the following is a state function?
a) Heat
b) Work
c) Internal energy
d) Enthalpy
Answer: c) Internal energy
Which of the following is an example of an adiabatic process?
a) A gas expands into a vacuum
b) A hot cup of coffee is left to cool down in a room
c) A balloon filled with air is allowed to deflate
d) A metal rod is heated on one end and the heat spreads throughout the rod
Answer: a) A gas expands into a vacuum
The internal energy of a system can be increased by:
a) Performing work on the system
b) Removing heat from the system
c) Allowing the system to expand
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is true for an isothermal process?
a) The temperature of the system remains constant
b) The pressure of the system remains constant
c) The volume of the system remains constant
d) The internal energy of the system remains constant
Answer: a) The temperature of the system remains constant
The change in internal energy of a system is given by:
a) ΔU = Q - W
b) ΔU = W - Q
c) ΔU = Q + W
d) ΔU = Q/W
Answer: a) ΔU = Q - W
The work done by a system during an isobaric process is given by:
a) W = PΔV
b) W = nRTln(Vf/Vi)
c) W = -ΔH
d) W = Q - ΔU
Answer: a) W = PΔV
The heat absorbed by a system during an isothermal process is given by:
a) Q = nCΔT
b) Q = ΔH
c) Q = -ΔU
d) Q = W/P
Answer: d) Q = W/P
Which of the following statements is true for an adiabatic process?
a) The process occurs at constant pressure
b) The process occurs at constant temperature
c) The process occurs without the exchange of heat with the surroundings
d) The process occurs without the performance of work on the system
Answer: c) The process occurs without the exchange of heat with the surroundings
The heat capacity of a system is:
a) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the system by 1 degree Celsius
b) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the system by 1 Kelvin
c) The ratio of the heat absorbed by the system to the change in temperature of the system
d) The amount of heat required to change the phase of the system from solid to liquid
Answer: c) The ratio of the heat absorbed by the system to the change in temperature of the system
The work done by a system during an isothermal process can be calculated using:
a) W = nRTln(Vf/Vi)
b) W = -ΔH
c) W = Q - ΔU
d) W = PΔV
Answer: d) W = PΔV
CHAPTER 2:SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the second law of thermodynamics?
a) Heat flows spontaneously from a cold object to a hot object
b) The efficiency of a heat engine can be 100%
c) The entropy of a closed system always decreases
d) It is impossible to construct a device that can convert all heat energy into work
Answer: d) It is impossible to construct a device that can convert all heat energy into work
Which of the following is a statement of the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics?
a) Heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body
b) The entropy of a closed system always increases
c) It is impossible to construct a device that can convert all heat energy into work
d) No heat engine can have an efficiency greater than that of a Carnot engine operating between the same two temperatures
Answer: d) No heat engine can have an efficiency greater than that of a Carnot engine operating between the same two temperatures
The Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics states that:
a) It is impossible to construct a device that can convert all heat energy into work
b) Heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body
c) The entropy of a closed system always increases
d) The efficiency of a heat engine can be 100%
Answer: c) The entropy of a closed system always increases
The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between two temperatures is given by:
a) 1 - T2/T1
b) T2/T1
c) (T1 - T2)/T1
d) (T2 - T1)/T2
Answer: a) 1 - T2/T1
The reversible adiabatic process is also known as:
a) Carnot cycle
b) Rankine cycle
c) Otto cycle
d) Diesel cycle
Answer: a) Carnot cycle
The efficiency of a heat engine is given by:
a) Q1/Q2
b) Q2/Q1
c) W/Q1
d) 1 - Q2/Q1
Answer: d) 1 - Q2/Q1
Which of the following statements is true for a heat engine operating in a Carnot cycle?
a) The process is irreversible
b) The efficiency of the engine depends on the nature of the working fluid
c) The engine operates between two isothermal and two adiabatic processes
d) The engine operates between two isobaric and two isochoric processes
Answer: c) The engine operates between two isothermal and two adiabatic processes
The change in entropy of a system is given by:
a) ΔS = Q/T
b) ΔS = T/Q
c) ΔS = Q/W
d) ΔS = W/Q
Answer: a) ΔS = Q/T
Which of the following is an example of a process that increases the entropy of a system?
a) Melting of ice
b) Burning of wood
c) Condensation of steam
d) Formation of a crystal from a solution
Answer: b) Burning of wood
The entropy change of the universe is:
a) Always positive
b) Always negative
c) Can be positive, negative, or zero
d) Zero for all processes
Answer: c) Can be positive, negative, or zero
These questions have been carefully selected to help you prepare for your upcoming exams and tests. However, I urge you not to rely solely on these questions, but to also practice solving problems and understanding the underlying concepts.
THANKYOU.....
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