Magnetic Field complete note-Class12
A magnetic field is an area in which a magnetic force is exerted on a magnetic object. It is a region of space where a magnetic force is produced due to the movement of electric charges. The magnetic field is created by a magnetic object, such as a magnet, and it extends outwards from the object in all directions.
Magnetic Field due to Current-Carrying Conductor:
A current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around it. The direction of the magnetic field can be determined by the right-hand thumb rule. If we hold the conductor with the right hand and the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers will curl around the conductor in the direction of the magnetic field.
Magnetic Field due to a Straight Current-Carrying Conductor:
A straight current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field in concentric circles around it. The direction of the magnetic field can be determined using the right-hand thumb rule. If we grasp the conductor with the right hand so that the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers will curl in the direction of the magnetic field.
Magnetic Field due to a Circular Current-Carrying Conductor:
A circular current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field in the form of concentric circles around the conductor. The magnetic field produced is perpendicular to the plane of the conductor, and the direction of the magnetic field can be determined using the right-hand thumb rule. If we grasp the conductor with the right hand so that the fingers are curled in the direction of the current, the thumb will point in the direction of the magnetic field.
Magnetic Field due to a Solenoid:
A solenoid is a long, tightly wound coil of wire that produces a uniform magnetic field inside it when a current flows through it. The magnetic field produced by a solenoid is similar to that produced by a bar magnet, with the north pole at one end and the south pole at the other.
Magnetic Field due to Earth:
Earth also has a magnetic field, which is produced by the movement of molten iron in its core. The magnetic field of the earth is similar to that of a bar magnet, with the north pole near the geographic south pole and the south pole near the geographic north pole.
Applications of Magnetic Field:
Electromagnets: Electromagnets are used in a variety of applications, including electric motors, generators, and MRI machines.
Magnetic Storage: Magnetic storage devices, such as hard drives and magnetic tape, use the magnetic field to store and retrieve data.
Magnetic Levitation: Magnetic levitation is a technology that uses magnetic fields to levitate an object in the air. This technology is used in high-speed trains and magnetic levitation transport systems.
Magnetic Separation: Magnetic separation is a process that uses magnetic fields to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. This process is used in industries such as mining and recycling.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI is a medical imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. MRI is used to diagnose and treat a variety of medical conditions.
Conclusion:
The magnetic field is a fascinating topic in physics that has many practical applications. Understanding the magnetic field is essential for understanding many technologies that we use every day, from electric motors to magnetic levitation trains.
